| A word which modifies a verb, an adverb, or an adjective | | |
| A word which modifies a noun or a pronoun | | |
| A word that specifies whether a noun is definite or indefinite | | |
| Upper-case letters used to indicate names, titles, and important words | | |
| The features of pronunciation which indicate the regional or the social identity of a speaker | | |
| A punctuation mark indicating a short pause in a sentence | | |
| A punctuation mark indicating a pause ranking between a semicolon and a full stop | | |
| Curved or square punctuation marks enclosing words inserted into a text | | |
| Words with the same spelling but with different meanings | | |
| Saying [or writing] one thing, whilst meaning the opposite | | |
| A figure of speech in which one thing is described in terms of another | | |
| A word which names an object | | |
| A distinct passage of writing which is unified by an idea or a topic | | |
| A word, clause or even sentence which is inserted into a sentence to which it does not grammatically belong | | |
| A word derived from a verb and used as an adjective or a noun | | |
| A group of words, smaller than a clause, which forms a grammatical unit | | |
| Informal, non-standard vocabulary | | |
| A word which means (almost) the same as another | | |
| A term expressing an action or a state of being | | |
| The open sounds made in speech - as (mainly) distinct from consonants | | |